IJTIHAD DALAM LINTASAN SEJARAH (Menelusuri Pasang Surut al-Tasyri’ al-Islamiy)

Abstract

The changes in Islamic Law depends on the
frequency of ijtihad by the mujtahid. Ijtihad
activities throughout history has been delivering in
pro and contra related with ijtihad chance. The
period of the Prophet and the Companion, called
be the initial phase of jurisprudence. In tabi'in
periods, during the next two or three generations,
commonly called phase formation and opening of
fiqh. In this phase, the fiqh reached the height of
glory and gold. The next phase, considered as a
phase of decline of ijtihad and closing of the doors
of ijtihad’s view. The closure of the door of ijtihad
is presumably need to be reconsidered, as opposed
to the reality that the needs and purposes of
completing a case continue to evolve with the
times, while not all of the problems contained
explicitly and in detail in the Qur'an or Hadith.
Keywords: Ijtihad, a mujtahid, closing the door of ijtihad